Analysis -fauna
The site’s fauna reflects a transition between the protected landscapes of the Biosphere Reserve Rhön and the urban nature of Fulda. The Rhön’s diverse habitats, ranging from forests and meadows to moorlands, support a rich network of species, many of which influence the ecological balance downstream. Conservation efforts in the biosphere reserve help sustain populations of both common and endangered species, ensuring a continuous exchange of wildlife across the region.
As the Fulda River flows through the city, the Fulda Aue emerges as a critical refuge for bird species, amphibians, and aquatic life. This green corridor provides shelter and feeding grounds for species moving between natural and urban environments. However, while the Aue has undergone structured ecological enhancements, the site presents a more fragmented landscape where wildlife must adapt to a mix of natural, semi-urban, and human-modified spaces.
One of the most influential species at the site is the beaver, a keystone species known for its ability to shape wetland ecosystems. Evidence of beaver activity can be observed along the riverbank, where small dam-like structures and gnawed tree stumps indicate its presence. Beavers play a crucial role in creating habitats for other animals, increasing biodiversity by forming small wetlands that benefit fish, amphibians, and birds. Their engineering activities also contribute to water retention and habitat diversification.
The site's fauna is distributed across distinct zones. Meadow areas provide habitats for pollinators, small mammals, and ground-nesting birds, while tree canopies support roosting bats and perching birds. Urban-adapted species, such as stray cats and birds nesting in built structures, take advantage of human-made environments. The riparian zone, with its dense vegetation, is home to amphibians, waterfowl, and fish species that depend on the river’s ecological health.
Efforts to enhance biodiversity at the site include initiatives like the AuBe project, which mitigates the impact of artificial lighting on nocturnal insects. However, the site remains an underutilized ecological link between the Fulda Aue and the wider landscape. Strengthening its role in the regional ecosystem could involve habitat restoration, increasing riparian vegetation, and maintaining natural spaces that allow species like the beaver to thrive. By reinforcing these ecological connections, the site can become a vital bridge between Fulda’s urban nature and the broader biosphere reserve.